POLYHEDRA'S REVOLUTION

By rotating the blue cube, we get a cylinder. In fact, if we pay more attention, we have the visual impression of two cylinders: one denser, internal, and the other less dense, external. Note that these cylinders correspond to the rotation of the inscribed and circumscribed circles to the base of the square.

For other polyhedra and other axes, the figures obtained are more sophisticated. Parts of hyperboloids appear, resulting from the rotation of line segments that are in reverse lines to the rotation axes.

Note that the densest part corresponds to the points that are always on the polyhedron, regardless of their position: it is the intersection of all possible positions. The least dense corresponds to the points that are in the polyhedron in at least one position: it is the union of all possible positions!

In the photos and video below, the formation of these polyhedra of revolution can be seen more clearly from the rotation of some solids around a certain axis.

Video: Rodrigo Tetsuo Argenton.

This Wikipedia page brings a very complete explanation of polyhedra, starting with the definition and a more general view. It also specifically talks about different types of polyhedra, such as regular, non-regular and convex, as well as mentioning some other important families. It talks about transformation operations on solids, among other details on this embracing topic.

This Wikipedia page talks about solids of revolution, showing how to find their volume using two different methods: the disk method and the cylinder method. In addition, it also provides a way to find the volume of a solid of revolution when it is in its parametric form. It is important to note that this page brings more in-depth formulas on this topic, from integration, for example.

This Brasil Escola page brings a slightly more general and less in-depth view of solids of revolution, also known as round bodies. The page explains what round bodies are and how they are formed, in addition to showing the most common examples, such as the cone, the cylinder and the sphere, also explaining the formulas used to find their total areas and volumes.

This PIBID Magazine's article talks about the meaningful learning of geometric solids from concrete materials. The article talks about teacher training and the importance of understanding geometry, showing how it is possible to build solids with straws, for example!                                                           

As seen, solids of revolution belong to the study of spatial geometry, a field explained in this Educa Mais Brasil page. Primitive concepts are presented - such as point and line -, some axioms and postulates and some well-known figures, among some other more general explanations.